
Discretizing double curved surface using shadow contours
A double-curved surface has curvature in two directions simultaneously—both along and across the surface. Examples include spheres, saddles, hyperboloids, and freeform surfaces in architecture.
Unlike flat surfaces (zero curvature) or singly curved surfaces (like cylinders, which bend in one direction only), double curvature cannot be flattened onto a plane without distortion.
This means standard materials like sheet metal, glass, or plywood can’t conform to them easily without cutting, stretching, or bending in multiple directions.